Sunday, June 2, 2013

FeedaMail: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

feedamail.com ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

Catastrophic climatic events leave corals facing a decade-long fight for recovery

Coral reefs can take more than a decade to recover from catastrophic climatic events, with some species taking up to 13 years to recolonise their original habitats, scientists have discovered.

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When to start (and not stop) resuscitation efforts

One of the most difficult moments faced by anaesthetists and other healthcare staff is when to carry on attempts to resuscitate a person, and when those efforts should reasonably stop.

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Exposure to general anaesthesia could increase the risk of dementia in elderly by 35 percent

Exposure to general anaesthesia increases the risk of dementia in the elderly by 35 percent, says new research.

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Asking for a precise number during negotiations can give you the upper hand

A recently published study on the art of negotiation could help new hires -- and all negotiators -- seal a stronger deal than before.

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New technology makes breast cancer surgery more precise

Any breast cancer surgeon who regularly performs lumpectomies confronts the question "Did I get it all?" 30 to 60 percent of the time in the US, the answer is "no," requiring the patient to undergo a second surgery to remove the remaining tumor.

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Acidifying oceans could spell trouble for squid

Acidifying oceans could dramatically impact the world's squid species, according to a new study. Because squid are both ecologically and commercially important, that impact may have far-reaching effects on the ocean environment and coastal economies, the researchers report.

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Targeted therapy boosts lung cancer outcomes

Non-small cell lung cancer patients whose tumor cells had an abnormal ALK gene fared better if treated with crizotinib, a targeted therapy, than with traditional chemotherapy. Median progression-free survival was 7.7 months in the crizotinib group and three months in the chemotherapy group. Patients treated with crizotinib also reported a better quality of life than those treated with standard chemotherapy.

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New therapy shown to improve progression-free survival and shrink tumors in rare cancer for the first time

The experimental drug selumetinib is the first targeted therapy to demonstrate significant clinical benefit for patients with metastatic uveal melanoma, according to new research.

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Enhanced white blood cells heal mice with MS-like disease

Genetically engineered immune cells seem to promote healing in mice infected with a neurological disease similar to multiple sclerosis, cleaning up lesions and allowing the mice to regain use of their legs and tails.

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Cytomegalovirus might speed brain-cancer growth

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infects most middle-aged Americans but usually remains dormant in the body. This study indicates that, in mice, a mouse CMV speeds the progression of an aggressive form of brain cancer when particular genes are shut off in tumor cells. The findings suggest that viruses might influence cancer progression, and that anti-viral therapy might improve the treatment of these aggressive brain tumors.

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Specific changes in brain structure after different forms of child abuse

Different forms of childhood abuse increase the risk for mental illness as well as sexual dysfunction in adulthood, but little has been known about how that happens. Scientists have now discovered a neural basis for this association. The study shows that sexually abused and emotionally mistreated children exhibit specific and differential changes in the architecture of their brain that reflect the nature of the mistreatment.

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Psychologists map entrepreneurial spirit in U. S., Great Britain and Germany

Researchers mapped the entrepreneurial personality structures in the United States, Great Britain and Germany, identifying regions where a feeling of entrepreneurial spirit is "most at home."

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North Atlantic hurricane forecast predicts above-average season

Scientists have developed a unique computer model with a knack for predicting hurricanes with unprecedented accuracy and are forecasting a season of above-average activity for 2013.

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Clinical practice guidelines on sleep apnea and driving

The American Thoracic Society has released new clinical practice guidelines on sleep apnea, sleepiness, and driving risk on non-commercial drivers.

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Glioblastoma patients treated with bevacizumab experience reduced cognitive function and quality of life, study suggests

Many glioblastoma patients treated with bevacizumab (Avastin®) have significant deterioration in neurocognitive function, symptoms and quality of life.

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Power grid getting smarter with big battery

Research conducted with a large new battery promises to make the electric system smarter and more efficient.

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No increased risk of infection for long-term sex partners of people with HPV-related oral cancers, study suggests

Spouses and long-term partners of patients with mouth and throat cancers related to infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV) appear to have no increased prevalence of oral HPV infections, according to new results.

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Investigators link poultry contamination on farm and at processing plant

Researchers have identified a strong link between the prevalence and load of certain food-borne pathogens on poultry farms, and later downstream at the processing plant.

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Surges in latent infections: Mathematical analysis of viral blips

Recurrent infection is a common feature of persistent viral diseases. It includes episodes of high viral production interspersed by periods of relative quiescence. These quiescent or silent stages are hard to study with experimental models. Mathematical analysis can help fill in the gaps.

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Mathematical models to better combat HIV

Theoretical models of HIV dynamics immediately following exposure to the virus are providing a method to study infection and treatment at these early stages, as well as assist researchers in coming up with preemptive strategies for prevention.

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Microbial changes regulate function of entire ecosystems

A major question in ecology has centered on the role of microbes in regulating ecosystem function. Now scientists show how changes in the populations of methanotrophic bacteria can have consequences for methane mitigation at ecosystem levels.

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Printing innovations provide 10-fold improvement in organic electronics

Researchers have developed a new, printing process for organic thin-film electronics that results in films of strikingly higher quality.

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New method of mass-producing high-quality DNA molecules

A new method of manufacturing short, single-stranded DNA molecules can solve many of the problems associated with current production methods. The new method can be of value to both DNA nanotechnology and the development of drugs consisting of DNA fragments.

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