|  Rna double helix structure identified using synchrotron light  | Scientists successfully crystallized a short RNA sequence, poly (rA)11, and confirmed the hypothesis of a poly (rA) double-helix. | Read More » Development of a therapeutic algorithm for optimal nosebleed management  | Approximately 60 percent of people experience epistaxis, commonly known as nosebleed, at least once in their lifetime. Of those who experience nosebleed, six percent require medical treatment. A new study explores which nosebleed treatment options demonstrate the best outcomes. | Read More » Thyroid cancer biopsy guidelines should be simplified, researchers say  | Researchers have called for simplified guidelines on when to biopsy thyroid nodules for cancer, which they say would result in fewer unnecessary biopsies. | Read More » Touch and movement neurons shape the brain's internal image of the body  | The brain's tactile and motor neurons, which perceive touch and control movement, may also respond to visual cues, according to researchers. | Read More » Watching the production of new proteins in live cells  | Researchers have made a significant step in understanding and imaging protein synthesis, pinpointing exactly where and when cells produce new proteins. They have developed a new technique to produce high-resolution imaging of newly synthesized proteins inside living cells. | Read More » Molecular switch changes liquid crystal colors  | Researchers have developed a molecular switch that changes a liquid crystal's readout color based on a chemical input. This new development may open the way for using liquid crystals in detecting harmful gases, pathogens, explosives and other chemical substances. | Read More » Not guility: Parkinson and protein phosphorylation  | Clues left at the scene of the crime don't always point to the guilty party, as researchers investigating Parkinson's disease have discovered. It is generally accepted that the disease is aggravated when a specific protein is phosohorylated -- that is to say chemically transformed -- by an enzyme. Now neuroscientists have been able to show that, on the contrary, this transformation tends to protect against the progression of the disease. This conclusion could change therapeutic approaches currently being developed by pharmas. | Read More » Sea otters promote recovery of seagrass beds  | Scientists studying the decline and recovery of seagrass beds in one of California's largest estuaries have found that recolonization of the estuary by sea otters was a crucial factor in the seagrass comeback. | Read More » Chelyabinsk meteorite had previous collision or near miss  | The Chelyabinsk meteorite either collided with another body in the solar system or came too close to the Sun before it fell to Earth, according to new research. | Read More » Scientists shut down reproductive ability, desire in pest insects  | Entomologists have identified a neuropeptide named natalisin that regulates the sexual activity and reproductive ability of insects. The finding may open new possibilities for environmentally friendly pest management. | Read More » Disabling enzyme reduces tumor growth, cripples cancer cells, finds new study  | Researchers have found that knocking out an enzyme needed to make lipids can dramatically cripple the ability of aggressive cancer cells to spread and grow tumors. The discovery points to a promising new target for treatment of aggressive cancers. | Read More » Language can reveal the invisible, study shows  | It is natural to imagine that the sense of sight takes in the world as it is — simply passing on what the eyes collect from light reflected by the objects around us. But the eyes do not work alone. What we see is a function not only of incoming visual information, but also how that information is interpreted in light of other visual experiences, and may even be influenced by language. | Read More » Immune system, skin microbiome 'complement' one another  | Researchers demonstrate for the first time that the immune system influences the skin microbiome. A new study found that the skin microbiome – a collection of microorganisms inhabiting the human body – is governed, at least in part, by an ancient branch of the immune system called complement. | Read More » Future water levels of crucial agricultural aquifer forecast  | A study focuses on future availability of groundwater in the High Plains Aquifer. It finds that if current irrigation trends continue, 69 percent of the groundwater stored in the aquifer will be depleted in 50 years. | Read More » Even mild stress can make it difficult to control your emotions  | Even mild stress can thwart therapeutic measures to control emotions, a team of neuroscientists has found. Their findings point to the limits of clinical techniques while also shedding new light on the barriers that must be overcome in addressing afflictions such as fear or anxiety. | Read More » Breakthrough in DNA editing technology  | Scientists have found a way to apply a powerful new DNA-editing technology more broadly than ever before. | Read More » Oxygen-generating compound shows promise for saving tissue after severe injury  | The same compound in a common household clothes detergent shows promise as a treatment to preserve muscle tissue after severe injury. Researchers hope the oxygen-generating compound could one day aid in saving and repairing limbs and tissue. | Read More » Researchers figure out how to 'grow' carbon nanotubes with specific atomic structures  | Move over, silicon. In a breakthrough in the quest for the next generation of computers and materials, researchers have solved a longstanding challenge with carbon nanotubes: how to actually build them with specific, predictable atomic structures. | Read More » Four or more cups of coffee a day may keep prostate cancer recurrence and progression away  | Coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer recurrence and progression, according to a new study. | Read More » New study supports intracerebral injections of bone marrow-derived stem cells to prevent or reduce post-stroke cognitive deficits  | Cognitive deficits following ischemic stroke are common and debilitating, even in the relatively few patients who are treated expeditiously so that clots are removed or dissolved rapidly and cerebral blood flow restored. A new study demonstrates that intracerebral injection of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BSCs) reduces cognitive deficits produced by temporary occlusion of cerebral blood vessels in a rat model of stroke, suggesting that BSCs may offer a new approach for reducing post-stroke cognitive dysfunction. | Read More » Scan then surgery: Best route to trauma management?  | Giving severe trauma victims a computed tomography (CT) scan before managing their bleeding could boost their chances of survival, suggests a new study. The findings are at odds with current guidelines, and so contribute to the on-going debate about how best to treat patients with severe trauma injuries. Trauma is the leading cause of death in young adults in many countries. | Read More » How to survive the iciest of waters  | How does the bald notothen, a small fish that lives in the freezing, icy waters of Antarctica, manage to survive? Clues are to be had from the genes it expresses. By comparing the notothen transcriptome against that of the tropical zebrafish (Danio rerio), biologists were able to highlight 58 elements thought to play essential roles in icy water survival. | Read More » New implanted defibrillator works well without touching heart  | A new type of defibrillator implanted under the skin can detect dangerously abnormal heart rhythms and deliver shocks to restore a normal heartbeat without wires touching the heart, according to new research. | Read More » Intervention appears effective to prevent weight gain among disadvantaged women  | An intervention not focused on weight loss was effective for weight gain prevention among socioeconomically disadvantaged black women, according to a new report. | Read More » Extremely preterm infants and risk of developing neurodevelopmental impairment later in childhood  | A meta-analysis of previously reported studies examined the rate of moderate to severe and severe neurodevelopmental impairment by gestational age in extremely preterm survivors followed up between ages 4 and 8 years, and determined whether there is a significant difference in impairment rates between the successive weeks of gestation of survivors. | Read More » Interpretation of do-not-resuscitate order appears to vary among pediatric physicians  | Clinicians use the do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order not only as a guide for therapeutic decisions during a cardiopulmonary arrest but also as a surrogate for broader treatment directives, according to a new study. | Read More » Comprehensive Parkinson's biomarker test has prognostic and diagnostic value  | Researchers report the first biomarker results reported from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI), showing that a comprehensive test of protein biomarkers in spinal fluid have prognostic and diagnostic value in early stages of Parkinson's disease. | Read More » New, 'robust' treatment for stroke uses genetic material from bone marrow  | In the latest in a series of experiments testing the use of stem cells to treat neurological disease, researchers have shown for the first time that microscopic material in the cells offers a "robust" treatment for crippling stroke. | Read More » Researchers develop software tool for cancer genomics  | Researchers have developed a new bioinformatics software tool designed to more easily identify genetic mutations responsible for cancers. | Read More » Size matters as nanocrystals go through phases  | Researchers have demonstrated that as metal nanocrystals go through phase transformations, size can make a much bigger difference than scientists previously believed. | Read More » Patients leaving hospital against medical advice more likely to be readmitted or die  | People who leave hospital against their doctors' orders are more likely to be readmitted to hospital or die, according to a new study. | Read More » New function for a well-known immune messenger molecule  | Scientists have discovered a new function of the well-known messenger protein interleukin-7: It facilitates the drainage of lymph fluid from tissues. In the future, the scientists plan to investigate whether this molecule could be used to prevent or treat lymphedema. | Read More » Rethinking investment risk  | Does financial innovation inherently lead to greater risk in markets? An economist takes a new look at the problem and says it does. | Read More » A skeleton for chromosomes  | Scientists have found that the structure of chromosomes is supported by a kind of molecular skeleton, made of cohesin. | Read More » First report of real-time manipulation and control of nuclear spin noise  | Physicists have demonstrated a new method for polarizing nuclear spins in extremely small samples. By monitoring and controlling spin fluctuations, the method may provide a route for enhancing the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the nanometer-scale, allowing researchers to make 3D images of smaller objects than ever before. | Read More » Drug blocks light sensors in eye that may trigger migraine attacks  | For many migraine sufferers, bright lights are a surefire way to exacerbate their headaches. And for some night-shift workers, just a stroll through a brightly lit parking lot during the morning commute home can be enough to throw off their body's daily rhythms and make daytime sleep nearly impossible. But a new molecule that selectively blocks specialized light-sensitive receptors in the eyes could help both these groups of people, without affecting normal vision. | Read More » Perception of marijuana as a 'safe drug' is scientifically inaccurate  | The nature of the teenage brain makes users of cannabis amongst this population particularly at risk of developing addictive behaviors and suffering other long-term negative effects. | Read More » Scientists detect magmatic water on moon's surface  | Scientists have detected magmatic water — water that originates from deep within the Moon's interior — on the surface of the Moon. These findings represent the first such remote detection of this type of lunar water. | Read More » Novel approach to gene regulation can activate multiple genes simultaneously  | By creating a powerful new gene regulation system called CRISPR-on, researchers now have the ability to increase the expression of multiple genes simultaneously and precisely manipulate each gene's expression level. The system is effective in both mouse and human cells as well as in mouse embryos. | Read More » Earthquakes and tectonics: First direct observation of subducting continental crust during the collision of two continents  | Earthquake damage to buildings is mainly due to the existing shear waves which transfer their energy during an earthquake to the houses. These shear waves are significantly influenced by the underground and the topography of the surrounding area. Detailed knowledge of the landform and the near-surface underground structure is, therefore, an important prerequisite for a local seismic hazard assessment and for the evaluation of the ground-effect, which can strongly modify and increase local ground motion. | Read More » Existence of new element confirmed  | Remember the periodic table from chemistry class in school? Researchers have presented fresh evidence that confirms the existence of a previously unknown chemical element. The new, super-heavy element has yet to be named. | Read More » New energy model offers transparency to let others replicate findings  | Computer models are used to inform policy decisions about energy, but existing models are generally "black boxes" that don't show how they work, making it impossible for anyone to replicate their findings. Researchers have developed a new open-source model and are sharing the data they put into it, to allow anyone to check their work -- an important advance given the environmental and economic impact of energy policy decisions. | Read More » How quickly can a bacterium grow? E. coli can replicate close to thermodynamic limits of efficiency  | All living things must obey the laws of physics -- including the second law of thermodynamics, which states that the universe's disorder, or entropy, can only grow. Highly ordered cells and organisms appear to contradict this principle, but they actually do conform because they generate heat that increases the universe's overall entropy. | Read More » European hunter-gatherers owned pigs as early as 4600BC  | European hunter-gatherers acquired domesticated pigs from nearby farmers as early as 4600BC, according to new evidence. | Read More » Genetic treasure hunting in sorghum may benefit crop improvement  | Agricultural researchers have discovered that sorghum, a drought-tolerant African crop, holds vastly more genetic variation than previously reported. This study provides an invaluable resource for the genetic improvement of sorghum and other grass species. | Read More » Long-term memory stored in the cortex  | 'Where' and 'how' memories are encoded in a nervous system is one of the most challenging questions in biological research. The formation and recall of associative memories is essential for an independent life. The hippocampus has long been considered a centre in the brain for the long-term storage of spatial associations. Now, scientists were able to provide first experimental evidence that a specific form of memory associations is encoded in the cerebral cortex and is not localized in the hippocampus as described in most neuroscience textbooks. The new study is a game changer since it strongly suggests that the motor cortical circuits itself, and not the hippocampus, is used as memory storage. | Read More » Supervolcanic ash can turn to lava miles from eruption  | Scientists have determined that ash can turn back into lava miles away from a supervolcano eruption due to reheating by a process called "viscous heating." | Read More » Scientists prevent preterm birth caused by gene-environment interactions  | New research provides evidence that gene-environment interactions are a major contributor to preterm birth and that using a combinatory treatment strategy can prevent preterm delivery in a mouse model. Scientists say their study provides important new insights into a major global health problem -- one that remains stubbornly persistent in the United States. | Read More » Researcher Controls Colleague's Motions in First Human Brain-to-Brain Interface  | University of Washington researchers have performed what they believe is the first noninvasive human-to-human brain interface, with one researcher able to send a brain signal via the Internet to control the hand motions of a fellow researcher. | Read More » Alga stressed by the light  | During the summers of 2010 and 2011, biologists analyzed samples of algae populations from five zones and measured the amount of light present in and the temperature of each zone over the summer. The research group observed that the algae that displayed the most signs of stress were from the zones exposed to the most solar radiation. | Read More » Apoptosis triggers replication of common viruses  | Researchers have found that an alternate, "escape" replication process triggered by apoptosis -- the process of cell death or "cell suicide" -- appears to be common in human herpesviruses. The findings have implications for better understanding of viruses and of disease conditions and treatments, like chemotherapy, that stimulate apoptosis. | Read More » Generational shift in attitudes among young soccer players towards gay teammates  | Young soccer players on the verge of becoming professionals are now much more likely to be supportive of gay teammates than a decade ago, according to new research. | Read More » Evaluating medical research: New treatments better than standard ones just over half the time  | Scientists report that on average new treatments work better than existing ones just over half the time. And, from an ethical and scientific perspective, that's evidence that the randomized controlled trial system is working, they say. | Read More » Tumor suppressor may actually fuel aggressive leukemia  | New research suggests that blocking a protein normally credited with suppressing leukemia may be a promising therapeutic strategy for an aggressive form of the disease called acute myeloid leukemia. The protein scientists targeted is a transcription factor known as RUNX1, which also plays an important role in helping regulate the normal development of blood cells. | Read More » Molecular process behind form of non-syndromic deafness identified  | Researchers identify an underlying molecular process that causes a genetic form of non-syndromic deafness in a new study that also suggests affected families may be at risk of damage to other organs. | Read More » Snapping turtles finding refuge in urban areas while habitats are being polluted  | Snapping turtles are surviving in urban areas as their natural habitats are being polluted or developed for construction projects. One solution is for people to stop using so many chemicals that are eventually dumped into the waterways, a scientist said. | Read More » Winter depression not as common as many think  | New research suggests that getting depressed when it's cold and dreary outside may not be as common as is often believed. | Read More » Quantum inverted pendulum: Control scheme dynamically maintains unstable quantum system  | Researchers have demonstrated a way to maintain an unstable quantum system by applying bursts of microwave radiation. The technique is comparable to methods used for controlling an inverted pendulum in classical physics. | Read More » Floe by floe, the ice surrenders its secrets  | Bowhead and minke whale sightings, extensive ice floe measurements and the successful retrieval of important moored instruments are among the successes of a multinational team of ice engineering researchers and marine biologists. | Read More » | |
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