Thursday, January 2, 2014

FeedaMail: ScienceDaily: Most Popular News

feedamail.com ScienceDaily: Most Popular News

Infectious diarrhea germs stick to healthcare worker hands

A new study finds nearly one in four healthcare workers' hands were contaminated with Clostridium difficile spores after routine care of patients infected with the bacteria.

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Antibiotics before heart surgery protect against infection

A new study found preoperative antibiotic therapy administered within two hours of cardiac surgery decreased the risk of developing surgical site infections significantly.

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What patients need to know about revision surgery after hip or knee replacement

Over the past two years, an expert in revision hip and knee replacement surgery has seen an increase in the number of people needing a second surgery. When a knee or hip implant wears out or another problem develops, people often need a second surgery in which the existing implant or components are taken out and replaced.

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Ancient traditions: Why we make new year resolutions

As many of us start to think about our New Year's resolutions (or breaking them), we may not realize that the tradition of making promises on the first day of the year is a custom started by our Roman ancestors.

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High good, low bad cholesterol levels are healthy for brain, too

High levels of "good" cholesterol and low levels of "bad" cholesterol are correlated with lower levels of the amyloid plaque deposition in the brain that is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, in a pattern that mirrors the relationship between good and bad cholesterol in cardiovascular disease, researchers have found.

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Gene therapy method targets tumor blood vessels

Working in mice, researchers report developing a gene delivery method long sought in the field of gene therapy: a deactivated virus carrying a gene of interest that can be injected into the bloodstream and make its way to the right cells. In this early proof-of-concept study, the scientists have shown that they can target tumor blood vessels in mice without affecting healthy tissues.

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To grow or to defend: How plants decide

Plant hormones called brassinosteroids help plants choose the best survival strategy depending on their stage of growth and environmental pressures.

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Climatological software developed for massive use

Understanding the weather behavior may not be as complicated as once thought, and would help to have more elements for decision making and prevention of natural disasters, as hurricanes or typhoons. Researchers make available this information available for anyone to know their community, state or country's weather activity for today and months ahead.

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New species of marine algae identified

The species that historically was quoted as the most abundant of coral algae that forms rodoliths at the Gulf of California in Mexico, is in reality a compound of five different species. This finding was made by a marine biologist, resulting in a change of paradigm in the study of the species known as Lithophyllum margaritae.

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Medicaid beneficiaries use emergency services due to lack of alternatives

A study shows that patients with Medicaid insurance seeking care in an emergency department may be driven by lack of alternatives instead of the severity of their illness.

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I'll have what they're having: Study finds social norms influence food choices

Is obesity a socially transmitted disease? In order to find out, researchers in the United Kingdom conducted a systematic review of several experimental studies, each of which examined whether or not providing information about other peoples' eating habits influences food intake or choices.

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Study finds medical students concerned about becoming desensitized to dying patients

The imminent death of a patient is riddled with emotions for a patient and family as well as the medical team. A study based on the reflections of third-year medicine students is shedding light on the struggle physicians in training often face when trying to control their own emotions while not becoming desensitized to the needs of the dying patient and his or her family.

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Alcohol leaves its mark on youngsters' DNA

A preliminary study indicates that weekend alcohol consumption may affect DNA.

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Infection with common cold virus: scientists reveal new insights

On average, each of us catches a cold two to three times a year. However, how the common cold virus actually infects us is only partly understood. Researchers have now provided new insights into this process.

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Concussion history associated with risk of alzheimer's disease

A new study suggests that a history of concussion involving at least a momentary loss of consciousness may be related to the buildup of Alzheimer's-associated plaques in the brain.

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Gene therapy for human skin disease produces long-term benefits

Researchers evaluated a patient with a genetic skin disorder known as epidermolysis bullosa nearly seven years after he had undergone a gene therapy procedure as part of a clinical trial. The study revealed that a small number of skin stem cells transplanted into the patient's legs were sufficient to restore normal skin function, without causing any adverse side effects.

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Stress in the orchestra: mood plays a part

Even professional orchestra musicians suffer from particular stress on the day of the concert and release more cortisol. For the first time, it has now been possible to demonstrate that, amongst others, the enzyme myeloperoxidase, which is regarded as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, plays a part in the stress reaction in musicians. This effect is however dampened by an emotional factor: this is because a good mood reduces the stress-induced release of myeloperoxidase.

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Novel exfoliation method paves the way for two-dimensional materials to be used in printable photonics and electronics

Scientists have successfully developed a method to chemically exfoliate molybdenum disulfide crystals into high quality monolayer flakes, with higher yield and larger flake size than current methods.

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Scientists uncover most detailed picture yet of muscular dystrophy defect then design targeted new drug candidates

Scientists have revealed an atomic-level view of a genetic defect that causes a form of muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy type 2, and have used this information to design drug candidates with potential to counter those defects—and reverse the disease.

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Wednesday, January 1, 2014

FeedaMail: ScienceDaily: Most Popular News

feedamail.com ScienceDaily: Most Popular News

Vitamin E may delay decline in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease

Vitamin E has just been shown to slow functional decline of Alzheimer's patients and reduce burdens on caregivers.

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New studies give strong boost to binary-star formation theory

Recent studies add strong, new evidence to the theory that binary stars form when the disk of gas and dust orbiting one young star gravitationally fragments, forming a second young star.

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Cloud mystery solved: Global temperatures to rise at least 4°C by 2100

Global average temperatures will rise at least 4°C by 2100 and potentially more than 8°C by 2200 if carbon dioxide emissions are not reduced according to new research that shows our climate is more sensitive to carbon dioxide than most previous estimates.

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How emotions are mapped in the body

Researchers found that the most common emotions trigger strong bodily sensations, and the bodily maps of these sensations were topographically different for different emotions. The sensation patterns were, however, consistent across different West European and East Asian cultures, highlighting that emotions and their corresponding bodily sensation patterns have a biological basis.

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Major reductions in seafloor marine life from climate change by 2100

A new study quantifies for the first time future losses in deep-sea marine life, using advanced climate models. Results show that even the most remote deep-sea ecosystems are not safe from the impacts of climate change.

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Molecular evolution of genetic sex-determination switch in honeybees

It's taken nearly 200 years, but scientists in the United States and Europe have teased out how the molecular switch for sex gradually and adaptively evolved in the honeybee.

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Higher mortality in postmenopausal women with RA and anti-CCP antibodies

New research shows mortality rates are two times higher in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. Findings indicate the higher mortality rates persisted after adjusting for age, positive rheumatoid factor, positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) use.

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With few hard frosts, tropical mangroves push north

Cold-sensitive mangrove forests doubled in area along N. Florida's Atlantic Coast as the frequency of killing frosts waned, according to a study based on 28 years of satellite data.

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Conversations on sex lacking between doctors, teens

Doctors are missing a prime opportunity to share information about sex with their teenage patients by failing to broach the subject during checkups, according to researchers.

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Fetal alcohol syndrome heart defects may be caused by altered function, not structure

Recent data shows that more than 500,000 women in the US report drinking during pregnancy, with about 20 percent of this population admitting to binge drinking. Even one episode of heavy drinking can lead to the collection of birth defects known as fetal alcohol syndrome.

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Nicotine exploits COPI to foster addiction

Study helps explain how nicotine exploits the body's cellular machinery to promote addiction. The findings could lead to new therapies to help people quit smoking.

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Slower-paced meal reduces hunger but affects calorie consumption differently

According to a newly published study, eating at a slower rate reduces hunger, but affects calorie consumption differently in normal and overweight/obese people.

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Multi-component therapy shown beneficial in treating PTSD in adolescent girls

Adolescents girls with sexual abuse-related post-traumatic stress disorder experienced greater benefit from prolonged exposure therapy (a type of therapy that has been shown effectiveness for adults) than from supportive counseling, according to a study.

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Adding cognitive behavioral therapy to treatment of pediatric migraine helps relieve symptoms

Among children and adolescents with chronic migraine, the use of cognitive behavioral therapy resulted in greater reductions in headache frequency and migraine-related disability compared with headache education, according to a study.

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Variation in land-use intensity leads to higher biodiversity

If grassland is managed intensively, biodiversity typically declines. A new study led by Bernese plant ecologists shows that it is rare species that suffer the most. These negative effects could be reduced, if farmers varied the intensity of their land use between years.

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Sleep to protect your brain

A new study shows that one night of sleep deprivation increases morning blood concentrations of NSE and S-100B in healthy young men. These molecules are typically found in the brain. Thus, their rise in blood after sleep loss may indicate that a lack of snoozing might be conducive to a loss of brain tissue.

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Use of media can save lives in bad storms

The number and intensity of storms and other extreme weather events are on the increase all over the world. The latest study by the Medical University of Vienna in cooperation with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) uses the example of one of the largest American series of tornados of all times to show that the risk of injury can be reduced significantly with the use of certain media.

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